如何用python实现记事本功能(python,开发技术)

1. 案例介绍

tkinter 是 Python下面向 tk 的图形界面接口库，可以方便地进行图形界面设计和交互操作编程。tkinter 的优点是简单易用、与 Python 的结合度好。tkinter 在 Python 3.x 下默认集成，不需要额外的安装操作；不足之处为缺少合适的可视化界面设计工具，需要通过代码来完成窗口设计和元素布局。本例采用的 Python 版本为 3.8，如果想在 python 2.x下使用 tkinter，请先进行安装。需要注意的是，不同 Python 版本下的 tkinter 使用方式可能略有不同，建议采用 Python3.x 版本。本例难度为中级，适合具有 Python 基础和 Tkinter 组件编程知识的用户学习。

2. 示例效果

3. 示例源码

fromtkinterimport*fromtkinter.filedialogimport*fromtkinter.messageboximport*importosfilename=""defauthor():showinfo(title="作者",message="Python")defpower():showinfo(title="版权信息",message="课堂练习")defmynew():globaltop,filename,textPadtop.title("未命名文件")filename=NonetextPad.delete(1.0,END)defmyopen():globalfilenamefilename=askopenfilename(defaultextension=".txt")iffilename=="":filename=Noneelse:top.title("记事本"+os.path.basename(filename))textPad.delete(1.0,END)f=open(filename,'r')textPad.insert(1.0,f.read())f.close()defmysave():globalfilenametry:f=open(filename,'w')msg=textPad.get(1.0,'end')f.write(msg)f.close()except:mysaveas()defmysaveas():globalfilenamef=asksaveasfilename(initialfile="未命名.txt",defaultextension=".txt")filename=ffh=open(f,'w')msg=textPad.get(1.0,END)fh.write(msg)fh.close()top.title("记事本"+os.path.basename(f))defcut():globaltextPadtextPad.event_generate("<<Cut>>")defcopy():globaltextPadtextPad.event_generate("<<Copy>>")defpaste():globaltextPadtextPad.event_generate("<<Paste>>")defundo():globaltextPadtextPad.event_generate("<<Undo>>")defredo():globaltextPadtextPad.event_generate("<<Redo>>")defselect_all():globaltextPad#textPad.event_generate("<<Cut>>")textPad.tag_add("sel","1.0","end")deffind():t=Toplevel(top)t.title("查找")t.geometry("260x60+200+250")t.transient(top)Label(t,text="查找：").grid(row=0,column=0,sticky="e")v=StringVar()e=Entry(t,width=20,textvariable=v)e.grid(row=0,column=1,padx=2,pady=2,sticky="we")e.focus_set()c=IntVar()Checkbutton(t,text="不区分大小写",variable=c).grid(row=1,column=1,sticky='e')Button(t,text="查找所有",command=lambda:search(v.get(),c.get(),textPad,t,e)).grid(row=0,column=2,sticky="e"+"w",padx=2,pady=2)defclose_search():textPad.tag_remove("match","1.0",END)t.destroy()t.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW",close_search)defmypopup(event):#globaleditmenueditmenu.tk_popup(event.x_root,event.y_root)defsearch(needle,cssnstv,textPad,t,e):textPad.tag_remove("match","1.0",END)count=0ifneedle:pos="1.0"whileTrue:pos=textPad.search(needle,pos,nocase=cssnstv,stopindex=END)ifnotpos:breaklastpos=pos+str(len(needle))textPad.tag_add("match",pos,lastpos)count+=1pos=lastpostextPad.tag_config('match',fg='yellow',bg="green")e.focus_set()t.title(str(count)+"个被匹配")top=Tk()top.title("记事本")top.geometry("600x400+100+50")menubar=Menu(top)#文件功能filemenu=Menu(top)filemenu.add_command(label="新建",accelerator="Ctrl+N",command=mynew)filemenu.add_command(label="打开",accelerator="Ctrl+O",command=myopen)filemenu.add_command(label="保存",accelerator="Ctrl+S",command=mysave)filemenu.add_command(label="另存为",accelerator="Ctrl+shift+s",command=mysaveas)menubar.add_cascade(label="文件",menu=filemenu)#编辑功能editmenu=Menu(top)editmenu.add_command(label="撤销",accelerator="Ctrl+Z",command=undo)editmenu.add_command(label="重做",accelerator="Ctrl+Y",command=redo)editmenu.add_separator()editmenu.add_command(label="剪切",accelerator="Ctrl+X",command=cut)editmenu.add_command(label="复制",accelerator="Ctrl+C",command=copy)editmenu.add_command(label="粘贴",accelerator="Ctrl+V",command=paste)editmenu.add_separator()editmenu.add_command(label="查找",accelerator="Ctrl+F",command=find)editmenu.add_command(label="全选",accelerator="Ctrl+A",command=select_all)menubar.add_cascade(label="编辑",menu=editmenu)#关于功能aboutmenu=Menu(top)aboutmenu.add_command(label="作者",command=author)aboutmenu.add_command(label="版权",command=power)menubar.add_cascade(label="关于",menu=aboutmenu)top['menu']=menubar#shortcutbar=Frame(top,height=25,bg='lightseagreen')#shortcutbar.pack(expand=NO,fill=X)#Inlabe=Label(top,width=2,bg='antiquewhite')#Inlabe.pack(side=LEFT,anchor='nw',fill=Y)textPad=Text(top,undo=True)textPad.pack(expand=YES,fill=BOTH)scroll=Scrollbar(textPad)textPad.config(yscrollcommand=scroll.set)scroll.config(command=textPad.yview)scroll.pack(side=RIGHT,fill=Y)#热键绑定textPad.bind("<Control-N>",mynew)textPad.bind("<Control-n>",mynew)textPad.bind("<Control-O>",myopen)textPad.bind("<Control-o>",myopen)textPad.bind("<Control-S>",mysave)textPad.bind("<Control-s>",mysave)textPad.bind("<Control-A>",select_all)textPad.bind("<Control-a>",select_all)textPad.bind("<Control-F>",find)textPad.bind("<Control-f>",find)textPad.bind("<Button-3>",mypopup)top.mainloop()