C++项目开发如何实现图书管理系统(C++,开发技术)

一、需求分析

1.可以实现添加一条新的图书信息（图书名，图书编号，图书价格，图书作者）
2.可以查看全部图书条目
3.可以删除指定的某条图书记录

二、系统设计

2.1系统功能介绍

1.添加新图书模块：该模块可以实现将新图书信息录入到系统并将图书信息保存到文件中。
2.浏览全部图书模块：可以通过该模块获取文件中全部图书信息，确定图书是否存在，及方便删除。
3.删除图书模块：可以根据图书在文件中的记录号删除某条图书记录。

2.2系统预览

主界面

添加新图书界面

浏览全部图书条目

三、代码设计

3.1 图书头文件

#defineNUM1128#defineNUM250classCBook{public:CBook(){}CBook(char*cName,char*cIsbn,char*cPrice,char*cAuthor);~CBook(){}public:char*GetName();//获取图书名称voidSetName(char*cName);//设置图书名称char*GetIsbn();//获取图书ISBN编号voidSetIsbn(char*clsbn);//设置图书ISBN编号char*GetPrice();//获得图书价格voidSetPrice(char*cPrice);//设置图书价格char*GetAuthor();//获得图书作者信息voidSetAuthor(char*cAuthor);//设置图书作者信息voidWriteData();voidDeleteData(intiCount);voidGetBookFromFile(intiCount);protected:charm_cName[NUM1];charm_cIsbn[NUM1];charm_cPrice[NUM2];charm_cAuthor[NUM2];};

3.2 类中成员函数实现

#include"Book.h"#include<string>#include<fstream>#include<iostream>#include<iomanip>#include<stdio.h>usingnamespacestd;CBook::CBook(char*cName,char*cIsbn,char*cPrice,char*cAuthor){strncpy_s(m_cName,cName,NUM1);strncpy_s(m_cIsbn,cIsbn,NUM1);strncpy_s(m_cPrice,cPrice,NUM2);strncpy_s(m_cAuthor,cAuthor,NUM2);}char*CBook::GetName(){returnm_cName;}voidCBook::SetName(char*cName){strncpy_s(m_cName,cName,NUM1);}char*CBook::GetIsbn(){returnm_cIsbn;}voidCBook::SetIsbn(char*cIsbn){strncpy_s(m_cIsbn,cIsbn,NUM1);}char*CBook::GetPrice(){returnm_cPrice;}voidCBook::SetPrice(char*cPrice){strncpy_s(m_cPrice,cPrice,NUM2);}char*CBook::GetAuthor(){returnm_cAuthor;}voidCBook::SetAuthor(char*cAuthor){strncpy_s(m_cAuthor,cAuthor,NUM2);}voidCBook::WriteData(){ofstreamofile;ofile.open("book.dat",ios::binary|ios::app);try{ofile.write(m_cName,NUM1);ofile.write(m_cIsbn,NUM1);ofile.write(m_cPrice,NUM2);ofile.write(m_cAuthor,NUM2);}catch(...){throw"fileerroroccurred";ofile.close();}ofile.close();}voidCBook::GetBookFromFile(intiCount){charcName[NUM1];charcIsbn[NUM1];charcPrice[NUM2];charcAuthor[NUM2];ifstreamifile;ifile.open("book.dat",ios::binary);try{ifile.seekg(iCount*(NUM1+NUM1+NUM2+NUM2),ios::beg);ifile.read(cName,NUM1);if(ifile.tellg()>0)strncpy_s(m_cName,cName,NUM1);ifile.read(cIsbn,NUM1);if(ifile.tellg()>0)strncpy_s(m_cIsbn,cIsbn,NUM1);ifile.read(cPrice,NUM2);if(ifile.tellg()>0)strncpy_s(m_cIsbn,cIsbn,NUM2);ifile.read(cAuthor,NUM2);if(ifile.tellg()>0)strncpy_s(m_cAuthor,cAuthor,NUM2);}catch(...){throw"fileerroroccurred";ifile.close();}ifile.close();}voidCBook::DeleteData(intiCount){longrespos;intiDataCount=0;fstreamfile;fstreamtmpfile;ofstreamofile;charcTempBuf[NUM1+NUM1+NUM2+NUM2];file.open("book.dat",ios::binary|ios::in|ios::out);tmpfile.open("temp.dat",ios::binary|ios::in|ios::out|ios::trunc);file.seekg(0,ios::end);respos=file.tellg();iDataCount=respos/(NUM1+NUM1+NUM2+NUM2);if(iCount<0&&iCount>iDataCount){throw"Inputnumbererror";}else{file.seekg((iCount)*(NUM1+NUM1+NUM2+NUM2),ios::beg);for(intj=0;j<(iDataCount-iCount);j++){memset(cTempBuf,0,NUM1+NUM1+NUM2+NUM2);file.read(cTempBuf,NUM1+NUM1+NUM2+NUM2);tmpfile.write(cTempBuf,NUM1+NUM1+NUM2+NUM2);}file.close();tmpfile.seekg(0,ios::beg);ofile.open("book.dat");ofile.seekp((iCount-1)*(NUM1+NUM1+NUM2+NUM2),ios::beg);for(inti=0;i<(iDataCount-iCount);i++){memset(cTempBuf,0,NUM1+NUM1+NUM2+NUM2);tmpfile.read(cTempBuf,NUM1+NUM1+NUM2+NUM2);ofile.write(cTempBuf,NUM1+NUM1+NUM2+NUM2);}}tmpfile.close();ofile.close();remove("temp.dat");}

3.3主函数代码

#include<iostream>#include<iomanip>#include<stdlib.h>#include<conio.h>#include<string.h>#include<fstream>#include"Book.h"#defineCMD_COLS80#defineCMD_LINES25usingnamespacestd;voidSetScreenGrid();voidClearScreen();voidSetSysCaption();voidSetSysCaption(constchar*pText);voidShowWelcome();voidShowRootMenu();voidWaitView(intiCurPage);voidWaitUser();voidGuideInput();intGetSelect();longGetFileLength(ifstream&ifs);voidViewData(intiSelPage);voidDeleteBookFromFile();voidmainloop();voidSetScreenGrid(){charsysSetBuf[80];sprintf_s(sysSetBuf,"modeconcols=%dlines=%d",CMD_COLS,CMD_LINES);system(sysSetBuf);}voidClearScreen(){system("cls");}voidSetSysCaption(){system("titleSample");}voidSetSysCaption(constchar*pText){charsysSetBuf[80];sprintf_s(sysSetBuf,"title%s",pText);system(sysSetBuf);}voidShowWelcome(){for(inti=0;i<7;i++){cout<<endl;}cout<<setw(40);cout<<"**************"<<endl;cout<<setw(40);cout<<"*图书管理系统*"<<endl;cout<<setw(40);cout<<"**************"<<endl;}voidShowRootMenu(){cout<<setw(40);cout<<"请选择功能："<<endl;cout<<endl;cout<<setw(38);cout<<"1添加新书"<<endl;cout<<endl;cout<<setw(38);cout<<"2浏览全部"<<endl;cout<<endl;cout<<setw(38);cout<<"3删除图书"<<endl;}voidWaitView(intiCurPage){charbuf[256];gets_s(buf);if(buf[0]=='q')system("exit");if(buf[0]=='m')mainloop();if(buf[0]=='n')ViewData(iCurPage);}voidWaitUser(){intiInputPage=0;cout<<"enter返回主菜单，q退出"<<endl;charbuf[256];gets_s(buf);if(buf[0]=='q')system("exit");}voidGuideInput(){charinName[NUM1];charinIsdn[NUM1];charinPrice[NUM2];charinAuthor[NUM2];cout<<"输入书名"<<endl;cin>>inName;cout<<"输入ISDN"<<endl;cin>>inIsdn;cout<<"输入价格"<<endl;cin>>inPrice;cout<<"输入作者"<<endl;cin>>inAuthor;CBookbook(inName,inIsdn,inPrice,inAuthor);book.WriteData();cout<<"WriteFinish"<<endl;WaitUser();}intGetSelect(){charbuf[256];gets_s(buf);returnatoi(buf);}longGetFileLength(ifstream&ifs){longtmppos;longrespos;tmppos=ifs.tellg();//获得当前位置ifs.seekg(0,ios::end);respos=ifs.tellg();ifs.seekg(tmppos,ios::beg);//恢复当前位置returnrespos;}voidViewData(intiSelPage=1){intiPage=0;intiCurPage=0;intiDataCount=0;charinName[NUM1];charinIsbn[NUM1];charprice[NUM2];charinAuthor[NUM2];boolbIndex=false;intiFileLength;iCurPage=iSelPage;ifstreamifile;ifile.open("book.dat",ios::binary);//|ios::nocreateiFileLength=GetFileLength(ifile);iDataCount=iFileLength/(NUM1+NUM1+NUM2+NUM2);if(iDataCount>=1)bIndex=true;iPage=iDataCount/20+1;//每页20条记录ClearScreen();cout<<"共有记录"<<iDataCount<<"";cout<<"共有页数"<<iPage<<"";cout<<"当前页数"<<iCurPage<<"";cout<<"n显示下一页m返回"<<endl;cout<<setw(5)<<"Index";cout<<setw(22)<<"Name"<<setw(22)<<"Isbn";cout<<setw(15)<<"Price"<<setw(15)<<"Author";cout<<endl;try{ifile.seekg((iCurPage-1)*20*(NUM1+NUM1+NUM2+NUM2),ios::beg);if(!ifile.fail()){for(inti=1;i<21;i++){memset(inName,0,128);memset(inIsbn,0,128);memset(price,0,50);memset(inAuthor,0,50);if(bIndex)cout<<setw(3)<<((iCurPage-1)*20+i);ifile.read(inName,NUM1);cout<<setw(24)<<inName;ifile.read(inIsbn,NUM1);cout<<setw(24)<<inIsbn;ifile.read(price,NUM2);cout<<setw(12)<<price;ifile.read(inAuthor,NUM2);cout<<setw(12)<<inAuthor;cout<<endl;//一条纪录if(ifile.tellg()<0)bIndex=false;elsebIndex=true;}}}catch(...){cout<<"throwfileexception"<<endl;throw"fileerroroccurred";ifile.close();}if(iCurPage<iPage){iCurPage=iCurPage+1;WaitView(iCurPage);}else{WaitView(iCurPage);}ifile.close();}voidDeleteBookFromFile(){intiDelCount;cout<<"Inputdeleteindex"<<endl;cin>>iDelCount;CBooktmpbook;tmpbook.DeleteData(iDelCount);cout<<"DeleteFinish"<<endl;WaitUser();}voidmainloop(){ShowWelcome();while(1){ClearScreen();ShowWelcome();ShowRootMenu();switch(GetSelect()){case1:ClearScreen();GuideInput();break;case2:ClearScreen();ViewData();break;case3:ClearScreen();DeleteBookFromFile();break;}}}voidmain(){SetScreenGrid();SetSysCaption("图书管理系统");mainloop();}

【注】开发环境为VS2013控制台程序